Gödel, Escher, Bach

Hofstadter, Douglas R. Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid. 1979. New York: Vintage-Random, 1980.

Includes an index and a highly useful biblio. See for M. C. Escher and for an important discussion of formal ("mechanical") logic, Kurt Gödel, computers, AI, and "some perspective on the battle" continuing between the successors of Johann Michael Schmidt, proponent of soul, and Julien Offroy de la Mettrie, "author of L'homme machine ('Man, the Machine'), and Materialist Par Excellence" (27). Attacking most directly J. R. Lucas, DH comes down for the materialists, arguing that "[...] reasoning is mechanizable" and true AI, and artificial will and desire, are both possible and desirable (pp. 685 and passim).